Composite hydrogenated fat compound, &amp;c.



i which the following is GARLETON ELLIS,

or monronarmnnw JERSEY.

COMPCDSITE HYDROGEN'ATED FAT COMPOUND, &o.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12,1913.

Applicationfiled December 31, 1912. Serial No. 739,424.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, CARLE'roN ELLIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Hydrogenated Fat Compounds, &c., of

a specification. This invention relates to edible products and relates particularly to a composition comprising hydrogenated oily or fatty material and to the process of making same; all with especial reference to the production of a stable fatty composition of substantially the consistency of lard, through the admixture of divers oily and fatty materials to form a composite fatty product.

Hydro mixed with unhydrogenated oil to form a body of a consistency suitable for use as a substitute for lard. For example hydrogenated cotton oil of a titre of say 52 C.

rated with four ordinary refined oil so as to form times its weight or so of or deodorized cotton seed on cooling 'a'white or whitish, opaque fatty material of somewhat the v or isolated zones which consistency of ordinary lard. The product made in this manner in some respects is not sufiiciently stable. a short time to lose its opacity to a considarable degree and to take on an appearance more nearly resembling petrolatum than lard. Sometimes this change, which may be due to a tendency to form solid solutions of "certain types, occurs irregularly in layers give the product a curious mottled appearance and this striated effect taking place in the containers during storage so changes the product physically at least that it is regarded as damaged or unfit for use by those accustomed to the normal appearance of lard.

The present invention seeks to-overcome this, from the commercial standpoint, highly condemnatory property and to produce a product which is stablea under normal meteorological conditions for an indefinite time and which even is very resistant under extreme service conditionsi This I accomplish by disseminating through a .fatty basis, of a melting point and consistency say about that oflard, a quantity of fatty material of higher titre so as to form, for example, flocculations of a high titre product uniformly or well disseminated through or hardened'oil of a suitable titre.

genated, oil of high titre may be be melted and incorpo-' chilled roll which is Often it is likely in;

points and titres may be While the product may be prepared from various oils particularly' vegetable oils I prefer particularly a fatty basis derived from cotton seed oil derivative. As a stabilizer I prefer either corn or cotton oil containing hydrogenated An example Will make clear what I mean by a fatty basis and a stabilizer, as used herein.

As an illustrative embodiment, I may take to make the fatty basis, 6 parts of hydrogenated cotton seed oil of a titre ranging between 52-54: C. (fatty acids) and 34 peirts of refined and deodorized cotton seed o1 aid of heat and when well incorporated the melted product is chilled rapidly, preferably in. a thin layer, as may be secured by feeding the liquid mixture while hot onto a kept in constant rotationand from which the congealed or solidified product is removed in. layers or shavings by a scraper or doctor. This product when properly set has a consistency similar to or approaching that, of ordinary lard. The stabilizer is prepared by incorporating 3 parts of hydrogenated cotton seed oil of the-same titre as that used in making the fatty basis, with 5 parts of refined and 'deodorized cotton seed oil. By heating the hardened oil with the deodorized oil the requisite mixture is readily obtained. As in making the fatty basis, the stabilizer is like- Wise chilled to form a solid, preferably in and its hydrogenated A thorough mixture is secured by the thln layers, and the two products are mixed? in powerful mixing apparatus until the stabilizer is well disseminated through the fatty basis. Preferably during the last mentioned step of mixing, some air is incorporated in the product to whitensame.

In order to secure a desirable distribution of the stabilizer, I may feed both the fatty basis and the stabilizer onto the same chill roll in a series of adjacent or alternate streams, or preferably allow the fatty basis tofall on the chill roll and when it has pro gressed a distance sufiicient to solidify but not to stiffen fully the stabilizer is applied as a superposed coating adherent to and slightly intermingled at the contacting surused in moderate quantities imparts a yellowfaces, with the fatty l)as1s. This composite ish tint to the composition, without addition or dual film is removed by the scraper and is of any artificial coloring matter. Similarly then pugged or beaten to such an extent palm oil or its hydrogenated derivative may 5 as may be desired. As the melting point of be employed. 7O

' the stabilizer is preferably considerably This application is in part a continuation higher than that of the fatty basis, the forof my co-pending application Serial No.- mer congeals more quickly, so that although 711,745 filed July 26, 1912, at least as regards the superposed film is somewhat insulated mixing an over hydrogenated with an under 10 from the chill roll by the fatty basis film hydrogenated oil. 75 yet the solidification of the upper layer is Further modifications of my procedure usually rapid enough to prevent material may be expressed in the following: Eighty .solution or interfusion of the two heteroparts of cotton seed oil are mixed with fifgeneous layers. Such interfusion if extenteen fparts of hydrogenated oil of a titre of v sire is undesirable as then the product be 48 atty acids). This is chilled and mixed 89 comes more nearly homogeneous physically with five parts of melted 42 C. titre hydroinstead of retaining a substantial condition genated or hard oil, or fat. Likewise one can of heterogeneity. superpose on a basis of 3i-38 titre about The process is susceptible to considerable of -42 titre. Cotton seed oil may be hy- 20 modification yielding corresponding changes drogenated to 37 titre, chilled as described or in the product and I do not wish to limit otherwise, and similarly incorporated with myself to the precise procedure or procedures a t 10-20% cotton seed oil hydro enated set forth herein, nor to the exact formulas to 4 2 i re. Thus there may be 0 tainedindicated; but may invoke the doctrine of alardhke or otherwise consistent fatty mate- 25 equivalency in so far as same may be herein lm h vlng Its main titre to a considerable applicable. Thus an oil basis comprising a gr nlnfluenced so that the product may major'p'ortionof deodorized cotton seed 011 have the desired soft consistency of ordiand hydrogenated corn or soya bean oil may nary lard while actually containing bodi s be admixed w th hydrogenated of higher which if melted lIlt-Q the fatty basis would 30 tit-re so that the latter is substantially unwise the m l ng point and consistency to dissolved'in said basis. "The hydrogenated perhaps an undesirable degree,

oil of higher titre may be a simple hydro- To recapitulate, my invention relates to genated oil as that 'from cotton seed, corn, the preparation of a fatty compound prefsoya bean,pear.ut, sesame, cocoanut, oil and erably of substantially the consistency of or- 35 thelike or animal and fish or whale oils. Connai'y la d, which compound preferably siderable variation likewise 15 possible in possesses the desirable property of essential th case f th ltin oint f th f tty or substantial color stability under normal b i d th t bili o di to th meteorological conditions, so that the opacity nature of the oily or fatty raw materials tran u ency f he compound do not, 40 and to other circumstances. In general the wh n he lat er is properly prepared, suffer meltingpoint of the stabilizer should be sevany n slmble hange to the detriment of oral degrees above the highest climatic term the appearance and marketability of said erature to which the finished product is c mpound, e en after storage for a considlikcly to be subjected, an adjustment which erable or indefinite period and to the prod- 45 in the light of the present disclosure, will not of such characteristics, all as herein 1llus now be 0 car to those skilled in the art. tratively set forth.

In place of hydrogenated oil any hard or. What I claim is;-- hardened oil or fat of suitable melting point 1. An edible oil product consisting of a may be employed under the present invensubstantially stable composition of an edible 50 tion to produce the condition of heterogenature comprising a ma or portion of deodneity' conducive to color stability or opacity. orized cotton seed oil and a minor portion of In a similar manner by duly lowering the a mixture of hydrogenated oils of high and melting points of the component parts a low titre. product which melts readily at the tempera- 2. An edible oil composition consisting of 55 ture of the mouth, may be obtained, WhlCh is a substantially stable oil basis comprising a useful as a butter substitute. Here the propmajor portion of deodorized cotton seed oil ert-y of opacity is not so important; but the and hydrogenated oil, and hydrogenated procedures em loyed herein are nevertheless oil of higher titre admixed with but sub of utility in this connection. The fatty prodstantially undissolved in said oil basis. 60 not may be mingled with some water and a 3. An edible oil product comprising a 5 small quantity of salt or in place of water; major portion of deodorized cotton seed oil milk material may be incorporated. Colorand a minor portion of hydrogenated oil, ing matter may be added, or oils of a yellow a portion thereof being disseminated or reddish color such as a certain grade of through said product as flocculations of high 55 cottonseed oil which is of a red color and titre, said productbeing stable as regards 3o color and consistency under normal meteorological conditions.

4. An edible oil roduct comprising a major portion of deo orized edible oil and a minor portion of edible hydrogenated fatty material, a portion thereof being dissem1- nated through said oil as flocculations ofhigh titre, said product being substantially stable as regards color and consistency under normal meteorological conditions.

5. An edible oil product of fatty consistency comprising an edible oil, a hydrogenated oil assimilated by said oil. and a hydrogenated oil unassimilated by said oil.

6. An edible oil product of substantially the consistency of lard comprising edible vegetable oil and hydrogenated oil containing flocculated nuclei of relatively high melting point.

7. An edible oil product of substantially the consistency of lard comprising edible oil and edible hydrogenated oil containing fiocculated nuclei of relatively high melting )oint.

i 8. A n edible oil product of substantially the consistency of lardcomprising edible vegetable oil and hydrogenated vegetable oil containing flocculated nuclei of relatively high melting point.

v 9. An edible oil product of substantially the consistency of lard com rising deodorized cotton seed oil and edib e hydro enated cotton seed oil containing flocculate nuclei .hydrogenated and unhydrogenated oil of an ofrelatively high melting point.

10. An edible fat compound comprising edible nature, said compound being colorstable.

ll. Anedible fat compound comprising hydrogenated and unhydrogenated cotton seed 011 of an edible nature, said compound being color-stable.

7 12. An edible fat compound of substantially the consistency of ordinary lard comprising hydrogenated and unhydrogenated cotton seed oil of an edible nature, said compound' being color-stable.

13. An edible fat compound of substantially the consistency of ordinary lard comprislng edible hydrogenated and unhydrogenated cotton seed oil.

14. The process of. making an edible fat compound which comprises mixing at least two fatty products of different titre without interfusion.

15. A stable lard compound substitute comprising hydrogenated cotton seed oil of a consistency softer than indicated by the titre of said compound.-

16. The process of making an edible fat compound which comprises mingling without substantial interfusion an oil basis comprising hydrogenated oil, such oil basis having a relatively soft consistency, with hydrogenated oil material of harder consistency.

Signed at Montclair in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey this 28th day of December A. D. 1912.

CARLETON ELLIS. .Witnesses:

B. M. ELLIS, A. A. WELLS. 

